BRIEFING

A single intravenous injection of a lipid-based gas-filled solution will bring 15 minutes worth of life-saving oxygen to humans with completely blocked airways.

INTRODUCTION

An airway obstruction is a blockage in the airway. It may partially or totally prevent air from getting into your lungs. Some airway obstructions are life-threatening emergencies. They require immediate medical attention to prevent death.
Every year Airway Obstructions cause as many as 150,000-200,000 deaths.

PROBLEM
Patients who can't breathe need oxygen quickly to avoid cardiac arrest and brain injury. Unfortunately, attempts in the early 1900s to intravenously supply this essential gas failed to oxygenate the blood and often caused dangerous air bubbles. Current treatments, such as blood substitutes, breathing masks, and tubes, aren't always effective as well since they still rely on the lungs to function or require time to properly administer.

METHODOLOGY(Research)

Researchers led by Harvard Medical School's John N. Kheir engineered tiny, gas-filled microparticles, which were about three micrometers in size and invisible to the naked eye. They used a device called a sonicator, which uses high-intensity sound waves, to produce a foamy liquid solution with microparticles that consist of a single layer of lipids that trap a tiny pocket of oxygen gas. They then injected the resulting mixture directly into the bloodstream of Rabbits that were severely oxygen-deprived.

RESULTS
Within seconds, infusions of the microparticles restored the blood oxygen saturation of these mammals to near-normal levels. When the rabbits' windpipes were completely blocked, the solution kept them alive for 15 minutes without a single breath and reduced the likelihood of cardiac arrest and organ injury.Unlike free gas, the microparticles didn't get stuck in the capillaries and cause embolisms. Once the mixture entered the bloodstream, the released oxygen gas stuck to hemoglobin, the molecule that carries oxygen to tissues in the body, and the lipid shell simply folded and disintegrated.

HUMAN IMPLICATIONS

Once this breakthrough treatment is refined for human use, it could help paramedics and other emergency medical personnel prevent fatal complications. This is a short-term oxygen substitute - a way to safely inject oxygen gas to support patients during a critical few minutes. Eventually, this could be stored in syringes on every code cart in a hospital, ambulance or transport helicopter to help stabilize patients who are having difficulty breathing.

CONCLUSION
By implementing this emergency injection in every hospital, paramedics, ambulances etc., we can reduce the deaths or fatalities caused due to blocked airways , prevent cardiac and brain cells injury and also provide enough time for the medical authorities to save the patient. This might also come in of much use during several surgeries where an instant cardiac arrest is detected and can prevent brain cells from damage.This remedy if put to an efficient use shall easy the jobs of many doctors worldwide and also give them enough time to provide the necessary quality treatment to cure the effected.